Diabetic Retinopathy and Hypertension
نویسنده
چکیده
Diabetes is a systemic metabolic syndrome, in which high levels of blood glucose may be due to either a deficiency of insulin production (type I or insulin-dependent diabetes), or to a peripheral resistance to insulin action (type II or non-insulindependent diabetes). The resulting hyperglycemia leads to the activation of a series of events, such as the polyol pathway, the non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins with formation of AGEs, the activation of the diacyl glycerol-PKc pathway, oxidative stress and inflammation [1]. These events in turn lead to blood vessels degeneration, resulting in the characteristic macro and micro angiopathy of diabetes patients. The macro vascular complications affect the large vessels of the heart, brain and the periphery, whereas the micro vascular disease involves the capillaries of the kidney, retina and peripheral nerves, causing the respective pathologic damages. The pathogenic link between high blood glucose and diabetic retinopathy has been clearly shown by two clinical studies: the DCCT [2] and the UKPDS [3] studies addressed the role of blood sugar control respectively in type I and type II diabetes patients. Both studies concluded that diabetic retinopathy onset and progression could be delayed by a tight control of blood sugar levels.
منابع مشابه
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تاریخ انتشار 2015